Ethics ratings and subsets for every nation: Cyprus

Founding figure in Stoic philosophy. His life and teaching is known principally from the Diogenes Laertius' Lives of Greek Philosophers (10 books). Moving to the Greek mainland (following shipwreck?), he is said to have been excited by the atmosphere of philosophical debate in Athens, especially taking place on the open walkway/colonnade of the Stoa. His distinctive approach was a matter of fact acceptance of the given-ness of life in a universe which is far from chaotic. Recognition of the rational order of nature is the way to achieving virtue and goodness; immorality is the result of unreason.

Life

• Entry on Zeno in the World History Encyclopedia
• Zeno and the basics of Stoicism
• The life of Zeno, the teachings of Stoicism and some of Zeno's successors (from Diogenes Laertius)

Writings

• Fragments of ancient texts attributed to or about Zeno